Journal of Contemporary Dental Sciences

Assessment of Mandibular Condylar Morphology in the Saudi Population of the Qassim Region. A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study

Waleed Alalawi (Author) — Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0300

Background: The mandibular condyle's shape varies according to genetic, environmental, and functional factors. In order to diagnose temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and to plan orthodontic and prosthodontic therapies,it is imperative to evaluate these variances. One popular imaging technique for evaluating condylar morphology is panoramic radiography. Objectives: The study's objectives are to determine the prevalence of various condylar shapes and how they relate to age and gender by employing panoramic radiography to retrospectively assess condylar morphology in a saudi population. Methods: One thousand digital panoramic radiographs from patients who were at least eighteen years old were the subject of a retrospective cross-sectional investigation. Oval, diamond, bird beak, and crooked finger forms were the four categories into which condylar morphology was divided. The CBCT scans were reviewed by an experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon . Using SPSS software version 27.0, the data were examined to look for correlations between condylar morphology and demographic characteristics using chi-square tests and descriptive statistics. Results: The most common condylar morphology observed was the oval type (53.5% on the right and 52.3% on the left), followed by bird beak (22.4% right, 23.6% left), diamond (14.2% right, 13.9% left), and crooked finger (9.9% right, 10.2% left). Oval condyles were more prevalent in younger age groups, whereas degenerative changes (crooked finger morphology) were more common in older individuals. Gender-based variations revealed that males had a higher prevalence of oval condyles, while females exhibited a greater frequency of diamond and crooked finger morphologies. A statistically significant association was found between right condylar morphology and age groups. Conclusion: The study confirms the predominance of oval-shaped condyles across all age groups and genders, with degenerative changes becoming more prevalent with age. Gender-based variations in condylar morphology may be attributed to genetic, hormonal, and functional factors. Panoramic radiography remains a reliable and accessible tool for assessing condylar morphology.

Prevalence and Pattern of Partial Edentulism Among Dental Patients Attending College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia

Aryaf Alhoumaidan (Author) — Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0300

Background: With patterns determined by gender and arch placement, partial edentulism is a common disorder that impacts prosthodontic planning and oral function. With an emphasis on edentulism patterns and gender, this study used panoramic radiographs of patients at a dental school in Qassim, Saudi Arabia, to assess the prevalence of partial edentulism and examine its distribution and location.

Methods: This three-month cross-sectional study comprised 721 partly edentulous patients, ages 15 to 60, who attended the dental clinics at Qassim University and satisfied certain clinical and radiological requirements. Data was gathered with orthopantomograms and analyzed using Pearson's Chi-Square test and descriptive statistics in SPSS (Version 27).

Results: Class II Kennedy was the most prevalent (40.1%), followed by Class III (31.5%) and Class I (26.9%) among 721 partly edentulous patients (51.5% females, 48.5% males); Class IV was uncommon (1.5%). There was a greater frequency of Class I in the lower arch and Class III in the upper arch (p < 0.001). Males displayed more Class III and females more Class I, with gender differences being significant (p = 0.008).

Conclusion: our study highlighted that the most common types of partial edentulism were Kennedy Classes II and III, which were found to differ significantly by gender and to be more common in the mandibular arch. These results highlight the significance of demographic and anatomical factors in preventive care and prosthodontic planning.

Emotional Intelligence of Dental Practitioners and the Quality of Treatment Delivered to Pediatric Patients in Saudi Arabia.

Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0300

Background: The ability to recognize and understand one's own emotions as well as those of others is referred to as emotional intelligence (EI). Building a strong doctor-patient relationship is greatly aided by emotional intelligence. More effective than those who conduct patient consultations in a strictly official manner, are the clinicians who adopt a warm, friendly, and reassuring tone. Objective: The present study was conducted to assess emotional intelligence of dental practitioners and the quality of treatment delivered to paediatric patients in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A self administered well-structured questionnaire, containing different questions reflecting Emotional intelligence of the dental practitioner, was asked from 416 parents of paediatric patients. It includes socio-demographic details; questions reflecting dentist’s behavior, skills and treatment management given to child. Emotional intelligence score was recorded using ‘five-point-Likert-scale’. The responses to questionnaire were randomly picked from Saudi dental practitioners with different professional levels and clinical settings. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS version 20.0 software at level of significance p-value<0.05. Results: Mean EI score was significantly (p-value<0.05) more in females (135.66); Saudi (133.98) dentists; and those working in Government (135.49) set ups. A statistically significant relationship (p-value<0.05) was observed with respect to recommendation of dentist; and his communication skill with EI score. EI scores were significantly (p-value<0.05) more in relation with understanding the diagnosis and oral hygiene instructions; motivation to continue the treatment; and visit to same dentist. Mean EI scores were comparable in relation to different age groups, showing insignificant statistical-difference (p-value>0.05). Conclusion: Irrespective of position, dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia showed adequate EI levels for effective management of paediatric patients of all age groups.

Prevalence of malocclusion in permanent dentition in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia

Rabia Bilal, Rahaf Alruhaimi (Author) — Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0300

In this study, we determine to study the prevalence of malocclusion in Al-Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study was a retrospective observational study conducted on 229 casts of patients who visited Qassim university dental clinics in the period between 2018 and 2021. The casts were divided on the basis of gender and malocclusion. The following malocclusions were taken into Class I the normal occlusion, Class II, Class III, anterior cross bite, posterior cross bite, open bite, deep bite, increased overjet and dental anomalies such as hyperdontia, hypodontia, Diastema, Ectopic eruption, Transposition and Peg shaped teeth. All measurements were recorded using a Yaluo stainless steel electronic digital display caliper vernier. Data were analyzed using SPSS for windows version 23. Results: The majority of the patients were female 164 (71.6%) and male 65 (28.4%). Concerning their Occlusion type class, I was the most prevalent type with 183 (79.9%) and class II with 37 (16.2%) lastly was class III with only 9 (3.9%). Presence of Dental anomalies among the study group in relation to the occlusion type shows that Class I have the highest percentage of dental anomalies with 15.8% more than other occlusion types. Conclusion: According to the statistics, the majority of people in AL-Qassim have adequate occlusion, but the prevalence of dental anomalies may make treatment more challenging. As a result, the research of malocclusion frequency is highly valued and crucial for gathering data for a national database as well as for treatment planning.

Dental manifestations and management of young patient with Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous syndrome: A case report.

Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0300

Background: Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous Syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is considered as one of the Neuro-Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous syndromes that occur due to genetic mutation. Clinical presentation of this syndrome includes mental retardation, facial features, and others. Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe the clinical manifestations, dental confederations, oral findings, and management strategies in CFC affected paediatric patients. Case description: 9 years old Saudi male presented with his mother to the paediatric dentistry clinic at King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The patient is a known case of Cardio Facio-Cutaneous syndrome and was complaining of dental pain that affected his life quality. Full mouth rehabilitation was done under general anaesthesia setting and the case was followed 14 days after procedure. Conclusion: Strict oral hygiene and preventive measures would help in preventing early tooth loss and eliminate the risk of exposing patients to general anaesthesia. Prenatal and postnatal education is needed to prevent extensive treatment in such cases.